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Ju. ArutyunyanSt Petersburg Repin Academy of Fine Arts; St Petersburg State Institute of Culture
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Category of «bizarre» in the European graphics of the XVII century: from Mannerism to BaroqueAbstractThe categorical apparatus of the Baroque style includes the concepts of diversity, dynamics, excess, contrast, but one of the leading terms defining the artistic principles of the era can be recognized as the concept of «bizarre». Modern Russian art history studies (A.V. Stepanov, A.K. Yakimovich, V.V. Degtyarev, L.D. Chistova) considers the conceptual problems of analyzing the phenomena of the Baroque era as a source of formation of theoretical research principles that allow interpreting the artistic context of the formation of figurative structures in a system of methodological approaches to the study of the space-time continuum, concepts of the conditional «other», systems of active combination of visual dominants that make up the semantic core of the style. The phenomenon of Baroque wit, according to Baltasar Gracian and his contemporaries, consists in the ability to combine disparate things, which influenced fantastic and emphatically conventional images that exploit the principles of a phantasmagoric combination of disparate elements into an illogical but holistic system. During the XVII century, the category of «bizarre» was transformed under the influence of cultural and historical patterns into the concept of «exotic», akin to the realization of a visible difference from the formed principles, alien, falling out of the understandable context and traditional values of the era. In the era of Great Geographical Discoveries, the role of stating the status of the «bizarre» is often performed by scientific illustration – an ethnographic image, a travelogue telling about a journey to distant lands, a costume treatise. The image of a foreigner and views of other lands appear in Hans Burkgmayr (1508). The concept of the «bizarre» is transformed into the concept of the exotic, referring to the principles of orientalism in the XVII century and to ethnographic themes, the «bizarre» is perceived not as a trope, a figure of speech that allows you to connect the disparate, but as the embodiment of the exotic, alien, incomprehensible, «other». Keywordscategories of style in art history studies; the phenomenon of the «bizarre» in art; Baroque style in European art; alphabet in graphics of the XVII century; ethnographic illustration; images of the East in art; the theme of the exotic in the art of the XVII century; classification methods in art history studies; problems of studying styles in art history studies; «bizarre» as a universal category of the transition of Mannerism to the Baroque; References
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